Propagation delay maps based on IRI2016 electron density profiles

In order to understand better the propagation delay maps used for this blog post, the animation below was created. References for the used method are arXiv:1104.2248 and this well-known book.

Up to 2-hop propagation is considered. In case there is more than one mode of propagation, the smallest non-ground-wave propagation delay is shown in the maps. If there is no ionospheric reflection, the ground-wave delay is shown.

• hop=0: no ionospheric reflection -> ground-wave propagation
• hop=1: one reflection
• hop=2: two reflections 

Propagation delays based on IRI2016 electron density profiles

Propagation delays based on IRI2016 electron density profiles